tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-71516121596922865652024-03-21T17:20:09.983-07:00The History of GeorlandAdventures in Early Wargaming of the Keef Family
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger45125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-81458009389802704492018-08-07T17:21:00.000-07:002018-08-07T17:21:58.728-07:00Radical rethink?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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I realise it's been a very long time since I posted anything here on the Georland blog and the project has been firmly on the back burner for a while.<br />
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This has partly been because I had achieved that mythical state of "having finished" the S Range Franco Prussian armies I had intended to use for the project, and started on other things: then acquired quite a large number of additional S Range figures of various German states infantry and cavalry. This made me feel painting them up was another large project which I wasn't yet up to the challenge of starting.<br />
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So while I had (and still have) an intention to refight some of the Georland battles on the tabletop, it also dawned on me over quite a long period of time that maybe I didn't want to use the Franco Prussian figures after all for this. I am perfectly happy to have two good sized Franco Prussian War armies and use them just for that. I was influenced by this picture, a watercolour by George Keef in the Journal, entitled the Battle of Emburgy (or Enburg, depending on your reading of the script) dated 8 August 1873. A larger version of the picture appears at the bottom of the home page of the Georland blog.<br />
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The lines of red coated troops have brought me back to my original intention, which was to use my S Range Crimean armies, to achieve a similar look. I think the FPW option came about because George Keef's original soldiers were mainly semi round FPW figures, with the French providing the Georlan forces.<br />
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So while the Franco Prussian Germans will prove useful for some of the wars of the later Epochs, I am now thinking I might go back to British Crimean War figures for Georland, to achieve a similar aesthetic to this picture.<br />
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If I do choose to go this way I won't regard the FPW project as a sidetrack, as it stands on its own and without the interest in terms of Georland I doubt I would have got anywhere near as far with painting the figures, as I would have got distracted into something else. (And in fact while I have some further S Range Crimean Highlanders somewhere in the painting crew I also have some Hinton Hunt and Douglas British Crimean figures which will probably get attention before they do). I am unlikely to be happy using the Hinton Hunt and Douglas figures alongside S range ones, but will have to see. Also I have some very nicely painted Hinton Hunt Crimean Russian infantry somewhere which I must dig out sometime.<br />
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I also greatly enjoyed assembling my collection of buildings from German railway scenery manufacturers, so I would also need to give some thought to whether to use these or the Russian style (and slightly larger scale) buildings I have instead.<br />
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It is all a bit hypothetical as I doubt anything will happen any time soon. I realise I need to do a fair bit of research for the Orders of Battle for any engagements I might want to refight, as although there is information in the scans I have of the last section of the Journal, they can be hard to decipher and may have lost some of their content to the scanner's margin settings.<br />
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But I think some good questions to have.<br />
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-2207496270040973022017-01-02T15:57:00.001-08:002017-01-02T15:57:27.758-08:00Georland enemies - Command<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<b>Prussian generals</b><br />
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<b>Prussian and Bavarian standard bearers</b><br />
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I still have to decide what to do about flags. I want to be able to use the figures for Franco Prussian War as well as Georland. It is not so much an issue for the German troops but I need to decide whether to simply use French flags for Georland, or design a Georland flag and work out a way of alternating these - possibly by converting officer figures which can accommodate different flags and poles by drilling out a hand to receive them.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-26366994787113649832017-01-02T15:50:00.002-08:002017-01-02T15:50:33.518-08:00Georland enemies - Cavalry<br />
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The S Range Franco Prussian War list included a number of German cavalry troop types which all can be used for the enemies of Georland. The various units available to me are:<br />
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<b>Prussian Cuirassiers</b><br />
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<b><br /></b><b>Prussian Dragoons</b><br />
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<b>Prussian Uhlans</b><br />
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<b>Prussian Hussars</b><br />
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<b>Bavarian Chevauleger</b>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-61458641314263741382017-01-02T15:46:00.001-08:002017-01-02T15:46:24.018-08:00Georland enemies - Infantry<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<b>Prussian Line Infantry</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibPzh3pD-CKINC7V-FIjHHncbCtx1xs5ZrfX_fAeWA1gpI6FVOjMfAfOOCyCNnCrYzQaASGa8mLSLYU8ZqdmPe9-Um-71QpqvtmWqhQE5y2vNFjxFzyXlEpCVdaCHkmOv2Kkkxsh575sw/s1600/Bavarian+Infantry+3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="297" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibPzh3pD-CKINC7V-FIjHHncbCtx1xs5ZrfX_fAeWA1gpI6FVOjMfAfOOCyCNnCrYzQaASGa8mLSLYU8ZqdmPe9-Um-71QpqvtmWqhQE5y2vNFjxFzyXlEpCVdaCHkmOv2Kkkxsh575sw/s400/Bavarian+Infantry+3.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b>Bavarian Infantry</b></div>
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<b>Saxon Infantry </b>(apologies for the blurred photographs)</div>
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<b>Wurttemberg Infantry</b></div>
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One of the good things about the Miniature Figurines Franco Prussian War Range was the presence of figures for various of the German States allied to Prussia, mainly for infantry but also including Bavarain cavalry and Wurttemberg artillery. These national contingents give some flexibility when representing the enmies of Georland.</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-88798939775078323092017-01-02T15:40:00.001-08:002017-01-02T15:40:20.644-08:00Georland enemies - Artillery<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_5ZTBygk1AiEl7j9kqyWmAvY6E9yLPuJJ1EjgOd4nRP2ec4PYAOcpfjCIevM862TkHC0OZNNEw1a1RQt7Rt0L5kVzC-wZiISqv_LEkh3r8gfHM_c5qBMfTJucOBfAMaoqiQOQv63-5zE/s1600/Wurtemberg+Artillery.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="156" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_5ZTBygk1AiEl7j9kqyWmAvY6E9yLPuJJ1EjgOd4nRP2ec4PYAOcpfjCIevM862TkHC0OZNNEw1a1RQt7Rt0L5kVzC-wZiISqv_LEkh3r8gfHM_c5qBMfTJucOBfAMaoqiQOQv63-5zE/s400/Wurtemberg+Artillery.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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Artillery pieces are by B&B and RAFM. The B&B Krupp gins have split trails, which I don't think are accurate, but I haven't been able to confirm this.<br />
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I acquired an Ebay lot of about 25 Wurttemberg gunners hence the over representation of their artillery arm - the first two rows of guns (and first four rows of gunners) in the picture above. In fact the Wurttembergers were the only German in the FPW range.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-xAL2AXx9BSr23N7ZEFYrKN2dSj9SxXLQludZ2IJ1qbnbeoIqFGnnNciTg67qbywMTfU5OMSCPg6Oceh7G0JBFRrZ4aLUjFwdKgBr18f449z5Z8NreyNeTti_rMg6G-y1uU154BxAVK0/s1600/prussian+Artillery.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-xAL2AXx9BSr23N7ZEFYrKN2dSj9SxXLQludZ2IJ1qbnbeoIqFGnnNciTg67qbywMTfU5OMSCPg6Oceh7G0JBFRrZ4aLUjFwdKgBr18f449z5Z8NreyNeTti_rMg6G-y1uU154BxAVK0/s400/prussian+Artillery.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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Prussian and Bavarian gun crews (Bavarians the middle of the three crews). These figures are conversions now available from John Cunningham. Most of the guns in this photo are RAFM. They have single trail carriages but the moulds are obviously well past their prime, with parts missing.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-44845214495245282992017-01-01T06:09:00.000-08:002017-01-01T06:09:01.511-08:00Georland Army - High Command<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkKrnaR7HnA1OBHCGLmj0cRr0mHMi9Hy3OoyzzntrlUss_YFzMMsAWb7zdMMMO_gAu1-3Xyfr_sHA1QQwts1wrz2ziG5n9iPGlTzBq9C1IZ8oqbB8jPt_tvDolzxJS3NsuDSEdu2juEzRg/s1600/FPW+Commander.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="348" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkKrnaR7HnA1OBHCGLmj0cRr0mHMi9Hy3OoyzzntrlUss_YFzMMsAWb7zdMMMO_gAu1-3Xyfr_sHA1QQwts1wrz2ziG5n9iPGlTzBq9C1IZ8oqbB8jPt_tvDolzxJS3NsuDSEdu2juEzRg/s400/FPW+Commander.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b>Army Commander</b> - so this will be the famous General Mercury. I am still thinking what to do His Imperial Majesty - possibly the same figure with a fancier paint job, and a larger oval base including escort and ADC.<br />
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<b>Mercury with Divisional and Brigade Commanders</b>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-17527101386198493522017-01-01T05:55:00.000-08:002017-01-01T05:55:29.424-08:00Georland Army - Cavalry<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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I have been painting up and organising my various S Range Franco Prussian War figures, along with some Crimean figures which jointly form my Second Empire/Red Trouser French forces.<br />
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These are partly for FPW gaming but also for my intention to refight some of George Keef's campaigns from the 1870s and 80s as detailed in the History of Georland blog.<br />
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Figures are individually based on MDF (20x20mm for foot and 20x40mm for mounted) and then placed in movement trays accommodating six infantry in two ranks or three cavalrymen abreast. An infantry battalion is four companies of six figures and a squadron of cavalry two troops of three figures each.<br />
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Cpmmanders and some infantry unit command stands us circular bases of different sizes, showing different levels of command.<br />
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I'm going to photograph and post these over the next few days but here are the French (and Georland) cavalry for starters.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxoedwX-wS_NrRQkbbGE52AxSsuITEAoJmxaM3nChDID1lFFg7obpvoiKUG_qcAznSeaPJY9nwPAbfuMq0bmJp1sOBR47WYHdlYv9mSPdMOXQrpRUwEryJHdPwolUwlB5VLy82H8OS6rM/s1600/Cavalry+Hussars.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="241" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxoedwX-wS_NrRQkbbGE52AxSsuITEAoJmxaM3nChDID1lFFg7obpvoiKUG_qcAznSeaPJY9nwPAbfuMq0bmJp1sOBR47WYHdlYv9mSPdMOXQrpRUwEryJHdPwolUwlB5VLy82H8OS6rM/s400/Cavalry+Hussars.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b>Chasseurs d'Afrique</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2SBtpL34XXN8Vvq56Mp5fn0l7fMHQZV94OCn8zxGpDq8iYr2pcjyJdhmUG2p_l8ktSiXv4nPRcY-a7Lez4-1puMXklwT9NBDtTDNWRXfx6vPn_aU7PQMqTzEFXakWD9RWv1ZvWtd4G5M/s1600/Cavalry+Dragoons+2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="182" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2SBtpL34XXN8Vvq56Mp5fn0l7fMHQZV94OCn8zxGpDq8iYr2pcjyJdhmUG2p_l8ktSiXv4nPRcY-a7Lez4-1puMXklwT9NBDtTDNWRXfx6vPn_aU7PQMqTzEFXakWD9RWv1ZvWtd4G5M/s400/Cavalry+Dragoons+2.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b>Dragoons</b></div>
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<b>Commanders (including the famous General Mercury)</b></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-3426854831892673332017-01-01T05:48:00.000-08:002017-01-01T05:55:53.324-08:00Georland Army - Artillery<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrHjxKml-UdxbeIIxR4CWxu8BRNJSqZLIqPi5jI_3v9g1GrGhmQtR-mQzmP4PAVmPuLSQsKmvKRcZxjYpEevhEnN2kb5o2bLW489rPbPDuINMq3Q2CdxgBBS8qlSaqFjAljzE8VhA4lIto/s1600/IMG_5629.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="117" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrHjxKml-UdxbeIIxR4CWxu8BRNJSqZLIqPi5jI_3v9g1GrGhmQtR-mQzmP4PAVmPuLSQsKmvKRcZxjYpEevhEnN2kb5o2bLW489rPbPDuINMq3Q2CdxgBBS8qlSaqFjAljzE8VhA4lIto/s400/IMG_5629.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b>French Crimean War horse artillery</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixOQod3hom7X7L24wPihQ-x1DN5XvjzASTczoQ_ZwLeJ_LmIQnaOKMtca71RGz46Th2lLo1t01RRjKwHwFZBnJpkUvsLBprCSwzSRCivIYGjOYAAEniKOWxBIDujylueV6FUDBd_B7WrsT/s1600/IMG_5633.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="108" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixOQod3hom7X7L24wPihQ-x1DN5XvjzASTczoQ_ZwLeJ_LmIQnaOKMtca71RGz46Th2lLo1t01RRjKwHwFZBnJpkUvsLBprCSwzSRCivIYGjOYAAEniKOWxBIDujylueV6FUDBd_B7WrsT/s400/IMG_5633.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b>FPW gunners</b><br />
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Not the best photos I'm afraid, I will try to redo them some time. I also had difficulty with the straighten tool in photoshop for these two pictures.<br />
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They do display the basing and movement tray system I am using.<br />
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The guns are from the<a href="http://www.bandbminiatures.co.uk/userimages/procart6.htm"> B&B Wargames 20mm FPW range</a>. There are two different type of field piece, 4 pdr and 12 pdr.<br />
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There are also an S Range Mitrailleuse, two S Range Gatlings (which I may or may not use), and an <a href="http://www.hagen-miniatures.de/index.php/en/component/jshopping/product/view/125/95">Imperial Modellbau Mitrailleuse</a>, available from the <a href="http://www.hagen-miniatures.de/index.php/en/">Hagen.de shop</a>.<br />
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I am currently awaiting more gunners of both sorts.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-20810618427514450122017-01-01T05:25:00.001-08:002017-01-01T05:25:41.275-08:00Georland Army - Infantry<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYDW1gOaO9Mp_3IxyYprQTzQ8LluxFuJSE-o0b4Ef8tYYWF00R2wFFrCiq56gXsEIHemSqtCu2ebT3itp9ciKyIFCYSmgsyFMCr0dgi1HbO7R4MHGojzX3pc-KkT70E6FM8vOkvb3NVrAa/s1600/FPW+Army.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYDW1gOaO9Mp_3IxyYprQTzQ8LluxFuJSE-o0b4Ef8tYYWF00R2wFFrCiq56gXsEIHemSqtCu2ebT3itp9ciKyIFCYSmgsyFMCr0dgi1HbO7R4MHGojzX3pc-KkT70E6FM8vOkvb3NVrAa/s400/FPW+Army.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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My Georland Army will use Minifigs S Range French figures, mainly Franco Prussian War but augmented by some Crimean War red trouser era (Second Empire). This seems appropriate as George Alfred Keef's soldiers were Franco Prussian War types bought in bilk in the 1870's, although his figures were German-made 40mm demi-rondes.<br />
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So we will start with these Crimean figures:<br />
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<b>Line Infantry</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2ueRVHZVp-g9bm3VW0fpg3e8FFfOG48HTGFv7ca28Lj8EjxYS4WA5ezz_TdGnpXw0QSyCuQG7uZpyBI_65gG1nhElggD8V6Bgt1nflncOmXLiv7NZkJpad_Jdkk3yw1WoeBCVUIa9W1O1/s1600/Crimean+Line.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2ueRVHZVp-g9bm3VW0fpg3e8FFfOG48HTGFv7ca28Lj8EjxYS4WA5ezz_TdGnpXw0QSyCuQG7uZpyBI_65gG1nhElggD8V6Bgt1nflncOmXLiv7NZkJpad_Jdkk3yw1WoeBCVUIa9W1O1/s400/Crimean+Line.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b>Imperial Guard Infantry</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1NKgplM9s3eVxC-aLAKrcCPa9iBZJ7vGlmqy49pR1pZ0h80sKGc9GBRCPolWISynGgXYyLH9O_UQq5KbAo94Mrvtnh6oV3ci6s8SzkxYFcofpk2hQCFPoaNc5OWy0XS943BoXTR1ckMpo/s1600/Crimean+Guard.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="202" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1NKgplM9s3eVxC-aLAKrcCPa9iBZJ7vGlmqy49pR1pZ0h80sKGc9GBRCPolWISynGgXYyLH9O_UQq5KbAo94Mrvtnh6oV3ci6s8SzkxYFcofpk2hQCFPoaNc5OWy0XS943BoXTR1ckMpo/s400/Crimean+Guard.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b>Zouaves and Turcos (the same figures, just different paint jobs)</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGOg4_XIEH_-j1E5kR35QPM71p0220QY4JVn6E4wHP8yptv-0p67zpGBAURZ48ZELfiw_ZjpL7cZcPN0NTrs1wdP6jbFEuCbyJzdLIamzJjGgRhy4iQEl5INpYGo8zJOTQYfC6V4j2kvkx/s1600/Crimean+Zouave.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="292" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGOg4_XIEH_-j1E5kR35QPM71p0220QY4JVn6E4wHP8yptv-0p67zpGBAURZ48ZELfiw_ZjpL7cZcPN0NTrs1wdP6jbFEuCbyJzdLIamzJjGgRhy4iQEl5INpYGo8zJOTQYfC6V4j2kvkx/s400/Crimean+Zouave.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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Then the Franco Prussian War Infantry units:</div>
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<b>Imperial Guard</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiog8vMFDvzfVlAdVdddNcbwUCT5Gm_bYzwzXbZItnU7_RAnVMPl2UyUBlnylP7gvZBMyhnTWGSEyJ0Zy73iO6uvCZDExAyrB6kF3D8n6pzUiicI1AzZhyphenhyphenMOTiR0LxTLNaL9kJ9vvMjk69C/s1600/FPW+Guard.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="148" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiog8vMFDvzfVlAdVdddNcbwUCT5Gm_bYzwzXbZItnU7_RAnVMPl2UyUBlnylP7gvZBMyhnTWGSEyJ0Zy73iO6uvCZDExAyrB6kF3D8n6pzUiicI1AzZhyphenhyphenMOTiR0LxTLNaL9kJ9vvMjk69C/s400/FPW+Guard.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b>Chasseurs a Pied</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9Br9sPbsGZYYlBK1LTLAcJyosdyCJEvlMD6-3lLP3-Ox9BdOytnN3EQ_QxLFuw-oMvqsGHtNC9QT-LLC79-kL-iIHzqcqwIFnqnSf0IAEThZse4ghpm5aga25rrsMCZnr2rA42tXdIR6B/s1600/FPW+Chasseurs+a+pied.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="148" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9Br9sPbsGZYYlBK1LTLAcJyosdyCJEvlMD6-3lLP3-Ox9BdOytnN3EQ_QxLFuw-oMvqsGHtNC9QT-LLC79-kL-iIHzqcqwIFnqnSf0IAEThZse4ghpm5aga25rrsMCZnr2rA42tXdIR6B/s400/FPW+Chasseurs+a+pied.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b>Zouaves</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoqAdLt5FXJQiRZ0JA3koWWmYkLVGvvwP3H8ubepbDOFTCqOaFz0TvdHki0yJ2KyeHaHbo3UcVEWwbQajwpRT5nlg1DqwZ4xNnARTprYsMJgqqNJhG6v7DrA0EaGLxgYueW3xReV8u3nas/s1600/FPW+Zouaves.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="141" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoqAdLt5FXJQiRZ0JA3koWWmYkLVGvvwP3H8ubepbDOFTCqOaFz0TvdHki0yJ2KyeHaHbo3UcVEWwbQajwpRT5nlg1DqwZ4xNnARTprYsMJgqqNJhG6v7DrA0EaGLxgYueW3xReV8u3nas/s400/FPW+Zouaves.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b>Turcos (the same figure with a different paint job)</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtAOoyZjxy9QDPjZ6Bk2Hq7ihyphenhyphenHSZMjLbW7TmnX6EZrqxW-2Luot8g4AzGHdk5LMVy2jMDv0CnMYijxOo3HV1tH74x2nqdKOaLjof4SL7ogYzvDH1invDNtyg4l14F5W7WQJjsOBJj3v8t/s1600/FPW+Turcos.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="162" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtAOoyZjxy9QDPjZ6Bk2Hq7ihyphenhyphenHSZMjLbW7TmnX6EZrqxW-2Luot8g4AzGHdk5LMVy2jMDv0CnMYijxOo3HV1tH74x2nqdKOaLjof4SL7ogYzvDH1invDNtyg4l14F5W7WQJjsOBJj3v8t/s400/FPW+Turcos.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b>Naval Infantry</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaja02YdCT-DyDh5xyRkWsV0w8YOqFSTBPKPLLaIPt2SHqd6cunPNrG2jsIIrGkHcO4cywERSy6PgKhZWp8jFm49mnrNkTQDGwN4ga6Glv1uhaZ2N9VTRio_aVdTUn0h6UR_wdH58hEj-D/s1600/FPW+Sailors.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="156" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaja02YdCT-DyDh5xyRkWsV0w8YOqFSTBPKPLLaIPt2SHqd6cunPNrG2jsIIrGkHcO4cywERSy6PgKhZWp8jFm49mnrNkTQDGwN4ga6Glv1uhaZ2N9VTRio_aVdTUn0h6UR_wdH58hEj-D/s400/FPW+Sailors.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b>Voltigeurs</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhACthLa_2ctUVbp-R5Pg5nPASme0eJjHw6PN_81gVHLmIz3TVsgzkwSr-Kvu_0XI2g7RCrm7DCoraK6MZgwwloen9WObeRYg47SVR6cL52j4Q_CIVw9xfCpiTSLnJifanBruY8G-ccZn9q/s1600/FPW+Voltiguers.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="203" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhACthLa_2ctUVbp-R5Pg5nPASme0eJjHw6PN_81gVHLmIz3TVsgzkwSr-Kvu_0XI2g7RCrm7DCoraK6MZgwwloen9WObeRYg47SVR6cL52j4Q_CIVw9xfCpiTSLnJifanBruY8G-ccZn9q/s400/FPW+Voltiguers.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b>Line Infantry (three battalions)</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKvBMk8LgT_Lf5EcEbSg6gCDsXwfv67wubuVTR3fulN5B9X5gLFgvtygXY4bWQlmCM286NhcC6AgoZOspOsDvxC0S8Z9L0U1Nh2kC2nGk2h1wiEpbAEkt1Ox0JJmiq6GKsYb8EQ34Sk9Ev/s1600/FPW+Line+2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKvBMk8LgT_Lf5EcEbSg6gCDsXwfv67wubuVTR3fulN5B9X5gLFgvtygXY4bWQlmCM286NhcC6AgoZOspOsDvxC0S8Z9L0U1Nh2kC2nGk2h1wiEpbAEkt1Ox0JJmiq6GKsYb8EQ34Sk9Ev/s400/FPW+Line+2.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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I still have to further research the Georland Order of Battle and work out which units these figures can represent.</div>
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-36020351773413611512016-12-31T08:20:00.000-08:002016-12-31T09:31:00.091-08:00It's beginning to look a lot like Georland...<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguYAKg9MNcFtpSSIj88G9K0yH31V0GvYCIlnwM7KVxDfFp58UVeVaU6WxjV-L87RXC50OFsV6w36GkUye-NoePnmlA_mcwNPpF1RN_EvWW8m7_ivanYd3R4Oa_7CeLDvoKbWxTJqrtZy_x/s1600/Buildings+all+.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="102" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguYAKg9MNcFtpSSIj88G9K0yH31V0GvYCIlnwM7KVxDfFp58UVeVaU6WxjV-L87RXC50OFsV6w36GkUye-NoePnmlA_mcwNPpF1RN_EvWW8m7_ivanYd3R4Oa_7CeLDvoKbWxTJqrtZy_x/s400/Buildings+all+.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b>Progress report for 2016</b><br />
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For the last few months I have been concentrating on painting and organising my Minifigs S Range Franco Prussian War figures with the intention of using them for Georland wargaming (as well as for Franco Prussian War).<br />
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Originally I had intended to use my existing and large collection of S Range Crimean figures, with British for Georland, and Russians for their opponents, supported by the FPW Germans.<br />
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However, as the FPW collection grew in size I decided to use it instead. This is mainly because the original collection of George Keef were Franco Prussian War figures of the time which were bought up cheaply. Obviously there are compromises to be made in identifying units designated as Highlanders or Grenadier Guards with French types, but this somehow seemed true to George Keef's original figures and therefore appropriate.<br />
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(Of course I could have taken this further, e.g. by using Irregular Miniatures <a href="http://www.irregularminiatures.co.uk/42mmRanges/42mmDeutscheHomage.htm">Shiny Toy Soldiers </a>range, but issues of cost and space rules this out). If I was starting from scratch and money was no object then I would have loved to go with<a href="http://www.spencersmithminiatures.co.uk/classic/classic_fpw.html"> Spencer Smith Classic Range</a>, although the idea of gluing all those arms on would put me off.<br />
<br />
I think a lot of any wargames project depends on your aesthetic - the look and feel of the thing - and I think I have got this sorted out. I am very happy with the S Range figures; they are simply block painted, with unflocked bases. Figures are on individual MDF bases, 20 x 20mm for foot and 20 x 40mm for mounted figures. Exceptions are generals and some foot unit command stands, on round bases of different sizes denoting rank.<br />
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<br />
Figures are then placed in movement trays, accommodating 60 x 40mm internally for infantry and cavalry, and 80 x 40mm for artillery (gun and four crew). The basic cavalry unit is the quadron, with two trays of three figures each (total 6) and infantry are 24 - four trays of 6. This allows for casualty removal and fits well in the storage I am using for the figures. The movement trays can accommodate blanks - MDF bases of the correct size - if I don't have the exact number of figures for a unit. A small number of light units are using 20mmx 100mm movement trays.<br />
<br />
I have decided I will be using a hex based set of rules to de developed from Command and Colours Napoleonic. I hope this will only need a few tweaks to ranges etc but I haven't started work on this yet. I also haven't started in sorting out scenarios and orders of battle from the Georland Journal, or working out which Georland units my FPW figures can represent.<br />
<br />
I have a <a href="http://www.corseceng.com/mats/">Corsec Engineering</a> fleece mat - open fields design with a 6" hex overlay. I am waiting for some 1" tall MDF hexes for hills, and have also found some 4" tall polystyrene hexagon cake making blanks. These are ever so slightly smaller than 6" but I hope have potential for providing higher hills, either as is or by carving with a serrated knife.<br />
<br />
Finally I have been collecting from Ebay built HO gauge German railway scenery kits which look generally suitable for around 1870. I don't mind then being in a smaller scale than the figures - I have always been comfortable with 15mm buildings with 20mm figures, for example. "Proper" 25mm buildings would be too big for my table and the railway models option probably gives a wider choice of suitable buildings. Most of these buildings are by Vollmer, although one or two are Kibri.<br />
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<b>Headquarters or hospital building</b><br />
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<b>Grand houses</b><br />
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<b>Apartment Buildings</b><br />
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<b>Factory, chimney and houses</b><br />
<br />
I am also photographing the troops, but my camera lights can only be used for 10 minutes at a time so this is slow going. I will be posting pictures here, and on the <a href="http://vintagewargaming.blogspot.co.uk/">Vintage Wargaming</a> and <a href="http://minifigssrange.blogspot.co.uk/">Lone S Ranger</a> blogs, so they should be hard to miss.<br />
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The plan is to start gaming in January or February.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-34309965557822412132016-12-29T08:15:00.001-08:002016-12-29T08:15:58.865-08:00Graham Lay - a true gentlemanI was saddened yesterday to hear of the recent death of Graham Lay, announced by the BBC on last night's Antiques Roadshow broadcast.<br />
<br />
Graham was the programme's expert who recorded the segment with Oliver Keef on the Georland Journal and toy soldier collection.<br />
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I never met Graham but I did correspond with him by email when trying to contact the Keef family through the programme, which resulted in the transcription of the Journal and in this blog. He was encouraging and enthusiastic where he really didn't need to be. I only had a little contact with him but he was an impressive person and I shall miss both him and his knowledge displayed so widely on the programme.<br />
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May he rest in peace.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-51405820197830214922015-06-16T22:57:00.000-07:002015-06-16T22:57:39.150-07:00Progress with refighting Georland?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />
Three newly completed S Range units - the top one is a recent acquisition in two lots from ebay, ACW and originally painted as two Confederate militia battalions, now restored as one large (or two smaller) battalions of US marines. The officers, which came with them, are S Range French Crimean ones and fit rather well I think.<br />
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The next two units are S Range Franco Prussian War - Saxon and Prussian line infantry. These have been part finished for around six months as other things jumped the queue ahead of them so it is a relief to get them finished. This means all my FPW guys are done, apart from eight or so generals and staff figures.<br />
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The intention is that these will join the forces (S Range FPW, Crimean and some ACW) available to refight the Georland battles. The Marines and also some ACW zouaves will be available if required.
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<br />
Were I starting from scratch and could afford to do so, I would go with Peter Johnstone's <a href="http://www.spencersmithminiatures.co.uk/html/classic.html">Spencer Smith Classic 30mm FPW range</a>. These are new figures, not metal versions of any of the old plastic figures. George Keef originally used a collection of c40-45mm demi rondes figures and the Spencer Smith Classics would give an appropriate look in a more manageable format. Maybe one day.<br />
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My intention is to use an adaption of Command and Colors Napoleonics both for Crimean War and for Georland. I have now acquired both an additional set of the old TSS 12" terrain hexes and a 6" hex mat from Corsec Engineering so am hoping to make a start sometime soon - just need to work out how I can get my two expanding tables set up in the house with room to move round them.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-63107223260043863122014-06-26T15:14:00.000-07:002014-06-26T15:15:37.048-07:00The man himself<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJclQcbCR5COy5X29jK-gSOKkGSznFJKkDOGnM2r_5Jv5NvDUY_HXx4aBAah7T9DZhTCqRwGbD5tNfvj5T1qSN7lSnxmIb2Ycwqj6UkvlJdJhsX5ZU6UdmCHU8mOHk1QUl0OTe8kDrH78F/s1600/GAK+RSF+1896.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJclQcbCR5COy5X29jK-gSOKkGSznFJKkDOGnM2r_5Jv5NvDUY_HXx4aBAah7T9DZhTCqRwGbD5tNfvj5T1qSN7lSnxmIb2Ycwqj6UkvlJdJhsX5ZU6UdmCHU8mOHk1QUl0OTe8kDrH78F/s640/GAK+RSF+1896.jpg" /></a></div>
With thanks to the Royal Highland Fusiliers Museum.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-51393306294935576052014-05-25T16:10:00.001-07:002014-05-25T16:13:17.328-07:00Another War Game World<iframe width="560" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/_fzgLJdx6vE" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe><br />
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I am indebted to John H for his flagging up this YouTube video to me. It is from a Russian TV programme dubbed into English.<br />
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At about 7 minutes 25 seconds it goes into an item about the toy soldier collection and war game of Boris Popov and his son Rudik. This revolved around a fictitious country called Elyria (I am not sure of the spelling). Boris Popov was an artist and started a Chronicle of the country in 1912, recording the major battles fought out with his brother and sister. It was illustrated by its author and the Chronicle itself and some sample pages can be seen in the YouTube item.<br />
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John was struck by the similarities with the Keefs and Georland. True, it was about 50 years later, and the figures in the collection were flats, not demirondes. As artists the Popovs also made a large number of buildings. Many of these were lost as the family was forced to move around in Russia, but Rudik Popov has recreated many of these.<br />
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Another difference with Georland is that the rules of the family wargame survive, and a game is show in progress. Moves are measured with dividers, missile fire is by nails fired from cannon, and hand to hand combat resolved by six sided dice.<br />
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Thanks very much to John for this find. It has many parallels with Georland as well as interesting differences. It makes you wonder how many more similar collections and set ups are out there waiting to be discovered.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-722940029429176772014-01-19T14:13:00.000-08:002014-06-26T15:15:17.335-07:00Wells Outgunned - Franz Stollberg<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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We don't (yet) know much about the way George Alfred Keefe, his brothers and their friends fought their battles, but we do know it involved firing miniature black powder cannons. I have seen it suggested that in some way this places them at the "playing toy soldiers" rather than the "wargaming" end of the spectrum. personally I don't think this argument holds water - they simply outgunned H G Wells's matchstick firing cannon, and RL Stevenson's "sleeve-links" and printers' ems.<br />
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We als know from his letters that in January 1878 George Alfred Keefe bought a kriegspiel set from a Colonel returning home; it was missing the rules and he sent home for a copy of Baring's English edition of the rules - this seems enough to put him in the serious wargaming fraternity.<br />
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This article from Wargamers Newsletter #101 of August 1970 shows this practice might have lasted longer than might have been expected.<br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-24217131574065877682013-12-24T11:39:00.004-08:002014-05-25T16:08:50.412-07:00Three Fathers - the historical importance of George Alfred Keef and Georland<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<b><i>My thanks to Tim Gow of <a href="http://megablitzandmore.blogspot.co.uk/">Megablitz and more</a> and to the late John G Robertson of Dundee, whose copy of Don Featherstone's Wargamers Yearbook 1966/7 has yielded the material for the next few posts.</i></b><br />
<br />
In his introduction to the Yearbook, Don Featherstone explains that he has used it as an opportunity to publish material which was too long to work in his regular Wargamers Newsletter. The article which really caught my eye, because of my current interest in George Alfred Keef and the History of Georland, was called The Early Days of Wargaming. in fact this is about Robert Louis Stevenson and his wargaming activities in Davos in 1880-1883 with his stepson Lloyd Osbourne. This has been well known through Osbourne's article "Stevenson at Play" in Scribner's Magazine of December 1898, which has led to the generally accepted view that this was the first documented instance of systematic wargaming with figures.<br />
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Several impressions quickly emerged:<br />
<br />
that George Keef's wargaming activities shared many characteristics with those of RLS;<br />
and that George Keef got into full swing as recorded in the History of Georland in 1872, eight years before RLS games in Davos, and that the collection and wargaming with it hasd started as early as 1860.<br />
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Apart from its early date, the other notable features of the Georland Campaigns are how well they are documented, and that they were not known outside the family before this year (2013) when they came to light on the Antiques Roadshow.<br />
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In his article Don Featherstone talks about H.G. Wells and the other "DADDY of Wargaming" Robert Louis Stevenson. It now seems clear that while he didn't have the same public impact as the other two, as the History of Georland was not published, that George Alfred Keef now has an undeniable claim to join their company as the third Father of Early Wargaming.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-68728916098711577382013-12-24T11:22:00.002-08:002013-12-24T11:40:48.407-08:00The Early Days of Wargaming<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />
The first part of Don Featherstone's article on Robert Louis Stevenson, taken from the Wargamers Yearbook 19966/7, with thanks to Tim Gow of <a href="http://megablitzandmore.blogspot.co.uk/">Megablitz and more</a>, and in memory of the late John G Robertson of Dundee.<br />
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<b>The Early Days of Wargaming</b><o:p></o:p></div>
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There are few among us who do not have an intimate knowledge
of the famous Bible of Wargaming “LITTLE WARS” by H.G. Wells. The majority of
us possess a copy of the original book or one of the readily available
reproductions. But there appears to be very little other information about
Wells’ activities in this field – I have never come across any other references
to Wells’ Wargames, not in his own writings, nor in those of his associates Jerome
K. Jerome or G.L. Chesterton. It would be interesting to know if any
information or references exist.<o:p></o:p></div>
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The other “DADDY of Wargaming” was Robert Louis Stevenson,
the famous English writer, whose wargames at Davos Platz in Switzerland during
the years 1880 to 1883 when he was convalescing from an illness, have been
written up by his step-son and opponent Lloyd Osbourne.<o:p></o:p></div>
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An enthusiast who has gone to an immense amount of trouble
in investigating these Wargames of Stevenson is Karl G. Zipple of 3514
Devonshire, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007, U.S.A. Back in mid 1965 Karl and I
exchanged a considerable amount of correspondence on this subject and
sufficient arose from it to make what I consider to be a most valuable
contribution to the literature and research of the early days of outr hobby.
Some of the material that follows is extracted from letters written by Karl and
much comes from an interesting little photo copied booklet which he has turned
out on the subject and a copy of which is a pleasing possession of mine.
Perhaps what follows will stimulate a reader to delve further into this
fascinating subject – his researches would be welcome and would make further
excellent reading, I am sure.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The article “Stevenson at Play” by Lloyd Osbourne appeared
in Scribners magazine, volume 24, December 1898, pages 709 to 19. It was
reprinted in “FURTHER MEMORIES” in the Tusitala Edition of the “WORKS OF ROBERT
LOUIS STEVENSON” (published by Heinemann in 1924).<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In this connection I quote from a letter from Karl Zipple
dated 25<sup>th</sup> of May 1965:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“Do you know what has become of the original manuscript from
which the Scribner article was written? Was the article changed or more
complete when it was reprinted in “FURTHER MEMORIES” in the Tusitala Edition of
the Works of R.L.S. (Heinemann 1924)? This particular edition is not available
ain any of the university libraries near here.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Another book that is not available in this area is “Robert
Louis Stevenson at Davos”, W.G. Lockett, Hurst, London 1934. Do you know if
this contains any further material?<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
J.C. Furnas wrote a biography of R.L.S. “Voyage to Windward”,
New York 1951. He mentioned that Austin Strong (R.L.S.’s step grandson) played
the Davos game in Samoa in 1892-3 under the name General Hoskyns. Strong later
produced plays in New York, some with Osbourne. He died in 1958-59(?). Furnas
also mentions that he had used previous biographies – especially from the
Osbourne Estate (Lloyd died in 1947). It might be worthwhile writing to Furnas
to see whether or not he had come across any further war game material –
especially maps, as Stevenson enjoyed making maps.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Karl did write to J.C. Furnas and I quote from his letter dated
from the 14<sup>th</sup> of May 1965:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“I wrote to J.C. Furnas in care of his literary agents in
New York and they forwarded the letter to him in Georgia. He is travelling and
does not have his files available but he gave me the address of a large collection
of Stevensonia: if they do not have the original manuscript they may know where
it is. I haven’t had a reply yet.”<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Leaving no stone unturned, Karl Zipple next got in touch
with the Yale University Library and I have in front of me a photo copy of a
letter from them to Karl which I reproduce in its entirety:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
YALE UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY<o:p></o:p></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
New Haven Connecticut
06520<o:p></o:p></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
20 May 1965<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Mr. Karl G. Zipple<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
3514 Devonshire Avenue<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Dear Mr. Zipple:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Yes, we have the notebook, definitely not dog-eared, in
which Robert Louis Stevenson wrote the war game published in v.20 of the
Pentland Edition of his works as “Stevenson at Play”. The notebook contains a
few additional but less complicated maps and some text that was omitted from
the published version. We also have a few other and shorter manuscripts of RLS
war games. These are described in volume 6 of A Stevenson Library, Catalogue of
a Collection… formed by E.J. Beinecke, compiled by George McKay, New Haven,
Yale University Library, 1961, pp 1730, 1988, 2042 and 2043.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Yours very truly,<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
signed Marjorie G. Wynne<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I do not know whether Karl Zipple followed up this letter as
he later told me that he did not know when he would be able to get over to New
Haven, Connecticut.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
let us now turn to the article which contains the meat of
the subject (<b><i>here DF reproduces in full the text of the Lloyd Osbourne article “Stevenson
at Play”</i></b>)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Karl Zipple has some comments to make on this article and I
quote from his letter of the 25<sup>th</sup> of March 1965.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“The two maps in the Scribners article must cover only 10%
of the whole game map. Have tried unsuccessfully to reconstruct some of the
missing portions by references to the text and using the maps from Sir Edward
P. Hamley’s “Operations of War” 1872 edition which was R.L.S.’s text book of
war. A complete master-map of this game would be interesting – even the names
have an interesting sound. The road layout is somewhat odd to me – in this area
roads usually are one mile apart and run NS and EW. Hamley’s maps and my own
experiences with the Italian maps during the Cassino campaign give me some idea
of how it should be laid out.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The 600 troops were divided 360 to Osbourne and 240 to
Stevenson; by regiments (4 man/regt) Osbourne had 90 against Louis’ 60. On the
two maps, if each unit symbol is a regiment, both generals must have been
thoroughly committed, leaving no margin for earlier losses or diversionary
tactics – i.e. “the column at Yolo and the small force in the West”. It could
be that each side had additional “paper” strength in the form of the numbered
cards that “dotted the countryside” – perhaps equal to the strength as shown by
the soldiers themselves; then as the tin soldiers were removed from the field
as killed, they replaced cards.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Some difficulty, too, is encountered in trying to determine
what each soldier counted pointwise in casualties. By adding up all casualty
figures in the correspondence, the totals are 55,000 K.W.P. for both sides yet
the total is given as 17,600 K.W.P. If each man counted 100 and the lower
figure used for the total it might be possible but the 55,400 figure would be
out of the question. It might be that a cavalry regiment of 4 men = 600 and an
infantry regiment of 4 men = 400: all men of a regiment down meant 600 or 400
killed; if even 1 man of a unit remained upright there would be 600 or 400 “wounded”.
Would explain the low casualties – 1 shot per regt and the last man always
takes one more shot to get – just like bowling!
It will be noticed that 400 and 600 are the lowest figures given, all
other figures are multiples of these – or sums of their multiples.”<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
John G. Garratt, in his excellent book “MODEL SOLDIERS”
(published by Seeley Service and Co. London 1958) writes as follows:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“there now appears, as an exponent of the War game, one of
the most gentle of men, Robert Louis Stevenson. It is to Lloyd Osbourne that we
are indebted for the preservation of this intimate sketch of ‘Stevenson at Play’.”<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
All this, of course, occurred during Stevenson’s
convalescence at Davos Platz, and thus fixes the date as between 1880-3. Osbourne
being an acute observer, does what few writers of reminiscences bother to do –
he actually describes the type of soldier with which the games were fought. He
says, for instance, that Stevenson “possessed a horde of particularly chubby
cavalrymen, who, when marshalled in close formation at the head of the
infantry, could bear unscathed the most accurate and overwhelming fire (of
sleeve-link, marble or button) and thus shelter their weaker brethren in the rear….
on my side there was a multitude of flimsy Swiss…so weak upon their legs that
the merest breath would mow them down in columns, and so deficient in stamina
that they would often fall before they were hurt”.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
From this is would appear that Stevenson’s troops were
semi-solids by Allgeyer, or solids by Haffner, or Heyde, whilst Osbourne’s
forces were composed of Heinrichsen or Allgeyer flats. Furthermore, Stevenson’s
Commander-in-Chief, “the formidable General Stevenson, corpulent with solder,
was a detachable midget who could be mounted upon a fresh steed”, almost
certainly a Heyde.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
ALLGEYER. Furth. 1800-1896<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Flats: 5-7 cm., later 30mm.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Semi-solids (from 1860) and solids: 40mm.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
HAFFNER. Furth and Nuremburg. 1838-1898.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Flats, semi-flats, semi-solids, solids 30-40mm, - 7 cm.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
HEYDE (Georg). Dresden. 1870-1944.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Semi-solids and solids, 20, 30, 40, 47, 54, 55, 60 mm.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
This question of the authentic type of soldiers used in
these Stevenson’s Wargames has also troubled Karl Zipple and I quote from his
letter of the 14<sup>th</sup> of May 1965:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“have been trying to get more of the 40mm cast-iron
semi-round Spanish-American War Soldiers that I had 35-40 years ago for the
Stevenson game. The uniform is close to the Confederate – 1861-65. Garrett
mentions them rather unkindly on page 135 – still they are small, durable and I
like them. Have about 60 of them now. My brother and I are going to try to make
up molds using the G.E. RTV 560 which will resist 1500˚F (better than the RTV
502) and cast them up in solder> Must try to get a few Heydes in 40mm –
infantry at attention and make molds from them. Like RLS a mixture of uniforms
from 1800-1860 will be reasonable – but will not use flats. Draw a line at the
use of pop guns – couldn’t hit anything with one 35 years ago and would be
worse today.”<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
Other literary gems concerning these activities have also
been turned up by Karl Zipple and are given below.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><i>(Here Don Featherstone reproduces the full text of Lloyd Osbourne's Scribners magazine article<a href="http://vintagewargaming.blogspot.co.uk/2009/11/robert-louis-stevenson.html"> "Stevenson at Play" </a>from December 1898, and the two posts which follow).</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-69621442203625092892013-12-24T11:14:00.001-08:002014-01-19T16:34:31.704-08:00Robert Louis Stevenson - An Intimate Portrait of RLS by Lloyd Osbourne 1924<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFmJn5UEIb1fRZpPWH_LWBmrhJ-eQubZl3Nv1HByXNmOkwzap5LLg3v2y4hfWUJc-ZqgR7LKxbZuYZSy5Nm0zCzaJkoTivw8mk-ixiCxOZ-I9lR8_QLBvsPXhVDWU4r188bGdoPdYHVyK_/s1600/Wargamers+Year+book+1966001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFmJn5UEIb1fRZpPWH_LWBmrhJ-eQubZl3Nv1HByXNmOkwzap5LLg3v2y4hfWUJc-ZqgR7LKxbZuYZSy5Nm0zCzaJkoTivw8mk-ixiCxOZ-I9lR8_QLBvsPXhVDWU4r188bGdoPdYHVyK_/s400/Wargamers+Year+book+1966001.jpg" height="400" width="285" /></a></div>
<br />
The second source identified by Karl G Zipple and published in the Wargamers Yearbook by Don Feateherstone was:<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b>AN INTIMATE PORTRAIT OF R L S<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b>by his Stepson Lloyd Osbourne<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b>New York<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b>Chars. Scribner’s Sons 1924</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
But best of all were our “war games”, which took weeks to
play on the attic floor.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
These games were a naïve sort of “Kriegspiel”, conceived with
an enormous elaboration, and involving six hundred miniature lead soldiers. The
attic floor was made into a map, with mountains, towns, rivers, “good” and “bad”
roads, bridges, morasses, etc. Four soldiers constituted a “regiment”, with the
right to one shot when within a certain distance of the enemy; and their March was
twelve inches a day without heavy artillery, and four inches with heavy
artillery. Food and munitions were condensed in the single form of printers’ “Ms”
twenty to a cart, drawn by a single horseman, whose move, like that of all
cavalry, was the double of the infantry. One “M” was expended for every simple
shot; four “Ms” for every artillery shot – which returned to the base to be
again brought out in carts. The simple shots were pellets fired from little
spring-pistols; the artillery shots were the repeated throws of a deadly double
sleeve-link.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Here absurdity promptly entered, and would certainly have
disturbed a German staff-officer. Some of our soldiers were much sturdier than
others and never fell as readily; on the other hand, there were some
disheartingly thin warriors that would go down in dozens if you hardly looked
at then: and I remember some very chubby and expensive cavalrymen from the
Palais Royal whom no pellets could spill. Stevenson excelled with the pistol,
while I was a crack shot with the sleeve-link. The leader who first moved his
men, no matter how few, into the firing range was entitled to the first shot.
If you had thirty regiments you had thirty shots; but your opponent was
entitled to as many return shots as he had regiments, regardless of how many
you had slaughtered in the meanwhile.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
This is no more than a slight sketch of the game, which was
too complicated for a full description, and we played it with a breathlessness
and intensity that stirs me even now to recall. That it was not wholly
ridiculous but gave scope for some intelligence is proved by the fact that R L
S invariably won, though handicapped by one-third less men. In this connection
it may be interesting to know what a love of soldiering R L S always had. Once
he told me that if he had had the health he would have gone into the army, and
had even made the first start by applying for a commission in the yeomanry –
which illness had made him forego. On another occasion he asked me who of all
men I should most prefer to be, and on my answering “Lord Wolseley” he smiled
oddly as though somehow I had pierced his own thoughts, and admitted that he
would have made the same choice.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
One conversation I heard him have with a visitor at the
chalet impressed me irrevocably. The visitor was a fussy, officious person, who
after many preambles ventured to criticise Stevenson for the way he was
bringing me up. R L S, who was always the most reasonable of men in an argument,
and almost over-ready to admit any points against himself, surprised me by his
unshaken stand.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
“Of course I let him read anything he wants”, he said. “And
if he hears things you say he shouldn’t, I am glad of it. A child should early
gain some perception of what the world is really like – its baseness.”<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-89903419170289485182013-12-24T11:11:00.000-08:002014-06-26T15:16:12.616-07:00Robert Louis Stevenson - Voyage to Windward<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzlpWgXQ0ol_3XxCiJaTc97_Fg-Md8oLhU6n8LSbmhBLq9HGCjRivV7Mzf62AnMIF_NrDVvTvdjUuuyloz9Zqlim3o9rHO13ZTGv_Axrie574gAzXrdTs_2pRSADwU4AelT_rFEBqUq-TB/s1600/Wargamers+Year+book+1966001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzlpWgXQ0ol_3XxCiJaTc97_Fg-Md8oLhU6n8LSbmhBLq9HGCjRivV7Mzf62AnMIF_NrDVvTvdjUuuyloz9Zqlim3o9rHO13ZTGv_Axrie574gAzXrdTs_2pRSADwU4AelT_rFEBqUq-TB/s400/Wargamers+Year+book+1966001.jpg" width="285" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b>Another source on Stevenson's wargames, identified by Karl G Zipple:</b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b>VOYAGE TO WINDWARD<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b>The Life Of<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b>Robert Louis
Stevenson<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b>J.C. Furnas<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b>William Sloane
Associated<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b>New York 1951</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The second winter at Davos was more private. The Stevensons
rented a wooden chalet – rather like a New York elevated station on a mountain slope
– near the hotel where the Symondses awaited the completion of a permanent
home. The new quarters were as bleak as all else. But they afforded Lloyd room
for his printing press and, in the lower story, which was difficult to heat,
ample floor space for a new game:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
From a military family-friend Louis had received Hamley’s “Operations
of War” – a still recognized summary of the strategy, tactics, and logistics
that Victorian soldiers developed out of the great campaigns since 1800, rich
with maps and resounding names like Wellington and Moltke, written with a
leisurely clarity akin to that of Darwin. Louis had been long attracted by, if
seldom earnest about, chess, and by the picturesque moral devotion of
soldiering – remember, the Charge of the Light brigade still outweighed, in
literary convention, the fetid, feckless campaign that had included it. In a
famous and unmistakably childish passage, Louis once professed to a consistent
ambition to have been leader of a horde of irregular cavalry <sup>34</sup>.
Deeply as certain phrases of Tolstoi later affected him, he never forgave the
great Russian for his disrespectful picture of strategists in “War and Peace”.
It is strange indeed to find Louis Stevenson, who had never yet heard anything
more warlike than the sunset gun from the Castle, lecturing a former captain of
artillery from the siege of Sebastopol on the trenchant niceties of war. <sup>35</sup>
(Inconsistently enough, he highly approved of Zola’s war scenes.) Now, in the
chilly-to-freezing semi-basement of the Chalet am Stein, gathering hints from
professional soldiers relegated to Davos, he set his ingenuity to work on a
German-style war game that sounds like immense fun.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
It had skill – popguns fired printers’ “ems” from Lloyds
font of type, and the boy’s superior accuracy sometimes checked Louis’s
superior planning; luck – data on strength and condition of opposing forces
were scattered over the “theatre of war” on face-down cards, to prevent reconnoitring
cavalry from knowing just where the most valuable information might lie;
variations in quality of troops – some corps of lead soldiers, solider on their
bases, stood fire that routed less staunch regiments; censorship and misleading
news releases – the correspondence that Louis supplied to the Glendarule Times
and the Yallobally Record is fine, if sometimes ferocious , travesty of British
war correspondence of the period. When the Record suggested that General Osbourne
be court-martialed, the editor was---hanged by order of General Osbourne.
Public opinion endorsed this act of severity. My great-uncle, Mr. Phelim
Settle, was present and saw him with the nightcap on and a file of his journal
round his neck. <sup>36</sup> <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Louis always loved not so much making believe child-style –
some biographers have missed the point – as the fun of making-believe, which is
another matter. A child enjoys being a pirate specifically; some adults enjoy
the general proposition of dressing up for and acting the part of a pirate: a
few can do so without condescending toward either themselves in the part or the
part itself. In an anecdote which I hope is not apocryphal, Louis is watching a
child play boat and, wearying of it, climb out of the armchair that had been
acting as boat, and walk away. “For heaven’s sake,” Louis calls after him, “at
least swim!” That is genuine technique in play.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Until sent to school, Austin had been making friends with
British jack-tars; proudly conducting pack horses down to Apia; building forts
on the lawn with Arrick, that ingratiating cannibal; playing the old Davos war
game with Louis and Lloyd, Austin being known as general Hoskyns; taking
desultory lessons in history and arithmetic from Louis and Aunt Maggie.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Notes<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<sup>34 </sup> Lloyd
(An Intimate Portrait of R.L.S. : 37) wrote that, as a youth, Louis once
planned to enlist in the Territorials. Possible but unlikely – there is no
other mention of such a scheme.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<sup>35 </sup> Louis’s
admiration for Tolstoi seems to have been bestowed on the didactic writings
rather than the novels. This was no Russophobia – Louis was mad about Dostoevski
in the early French versions.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<sup>36 “</sup>Stevenson
at Play<b>” </b>(SS): XXVII, 374<b><sup><o:p></o:p></sup></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Austin Strong was R.L.S.’s step-grandson.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
(SS) is the South Seas edition of the works of R.L.S.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In a short biography at the end of his booklet, Karl Zipple
gives the following two references:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Letters and Miscellanies of Robert Louis Stevenson, Volume
1. Published in New York by Charles Scribner’s and Sons, 1902<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Lockett, W.G., Robert Louis Stevenson at Davos. Hurst,
London, 1934.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Hamley, Sir Edward B., Operations of War, various editions,
1872. This was Stevenson’s textbook on war used to set up the rules. The maps
may have been the basis for his war map?<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Don Featherstone:<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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I find this fascinating, stimulating and inspiring stuff and
it makes me wonder whether in generations to come other wargamers will look as
tolerantly at the literary offerings I have attempted to make in this wonderful
hobby of ours.<o:p></o:p></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-25215417554237839022013-12-03T07:54:00.000-08:002013-12-03T07:54:32.303-08:00More pictures of figures added<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjq_DYAS0kctqrro4mFJ9EJrkSAiuQexwVsM5wiElW1jxQdQbdJZLib5cUG1W4wIgbaSeZldl0Jcp4CtG426QFkjRBUwZj5ysdkhs8UGFuMwHiiFCoT8tWLQd2_klXU8EREVM-Vp9fMxkPg/s1600/093.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjq_DYAS0kctqrro4mFJ9EJrkSAiuQexwVsM5wiElW1jxQdQbdJZLib5cUG1W4wIgbaSeZldl0Jcp4CtG426QFkjRBUwZj5ysdkhs8UGFuMwHiiFCoT8tWLQd2_klXU8EREVM-Vp9fMxkPg/s400/093.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSc1O6NsfLU3w5kiLdJEdD6NT-Mz7TDxeR10R7Drii53QUBo83Tyxrlyhxg6W_dYYfGkmAqmGmfbvT9tYFaJu_RngaMiY3LCxA8BoRsDUCXZRFtGubum-hFNbWxXx5D731NtSnbVd2Mlzu/s1600/Cavalry.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="246" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSc1O6NsfLU3w5kiLdJEdD6NT-Mz7TDxeR10R7Drii53QUBo83Tyxrlyhxg6W_dYYfGkmAqmGmfbvT9tYFaJu_RngaMiY3LCxA8BoRsDUCXZRFtGubum-hFNbWxXx5D731NtSnbVd2Mlzu/s400/Cavalry.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
Some more pictures of figures from the army have been posted at the head of some of the earlier posts from some of the Epochs recorded in the History.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-53022690847316824782013-11-30T17:54:00.000-08:002013-12-01T03:46:26.232-08:00More about the army of Georland<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHnt4yJhRI7vMpMYgxKf2f0Mk5q0GL-xDt4KBFj2SdvsT26a7Nqi-ClK-ypx9Yh8mID19MCCcDyn-xQ_BTw1ubvJSrH1dBjEcxsQ58w34cpllGPXgfBxfgXFrYpjqWpvqYrPAeMnVIxWjQ/s1600/Army+Chart+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="275" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHnt4yJhRI7vMpMYgxKf2f0Mk5q0GL-xDt4KBFj2SdvsT26a7Nqi-ClK-ypx9Yh8mID19MCCcDyn-xQ_BTw1ubvJSrH1dBjEcxsQ58w34cpllGPXgfBxfgXFrYpjqWpvqYrPAeMnVIxWjQ/s400/Army+Chart+1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
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The main source of information on George Alfred Keef’s army
and collection is of course the 60 or so pages of the History of the Army of
George 1. There are however other sources, in particular two notes made by his
widow Alice and his son Patrick Keef on the history of the collection, and the
collected letters of George Alfred Keef while abroad on military service to
mother Phoebe, his aunt Mary, and his brothers Arthur and Herbert.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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The original collection were lead toy soldiers of the Franco
Prussian War. These French and German figures (including Prussians, Bavarians
and Wurtemburgers) were altered and repainted to represent British Regiments.
Each figure was marked on the base with its regiment. These figures in the
original collection were demi rondes, rather than flats. The original foot
figures seem to have been 30mm from foot to eye. The cavalry figures had
separate riders and horses.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Artillery were real miniature guns which could be loaded
with gunpowder, wad, and lead shot, and actually fired by match. The artillery
dominate some of the narratives of battles in the History and it is not hard to
see why as they were fairly lethal (although it is difficult to acquire supplies
of gunpowder today with no questions asked). A number of the surviving figures
show damage consistent with suffering this artillery fire.(others have tried this at different times - see this Vintage Wargaming ink to <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJAWNQFlemj6wE1MTeE75UgVCP6mMKftdQe6FY_1IOLk80IBW6ZLRbDTD9H92bsPIrde-TCDUEKf9mI0SrlqzRu3wmdFtoEICe4seG3pjlrMRwQT7-Aj395ye5f_tWsoRka4Jt1J1iuHYB/s1600/wells+outgunned001.jpg">Franz Stollberg</a>.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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There is also a pontoon train, with wagons, horses, pontoon
boats which will actually float in water, and wooden sections to make the
decking. There are also two wooden forts, one of which was designated as Windsor
Castle.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
A number of the figures are flats. These seem to be of
German troops and were incorporated into that part of the collection deemed “the
enemy”. These seem to be slightly smaller than the demi rondes, being more like
25mm measured foot to eye.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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The Franco Prussian War took place from 1870-71, a couple of
years before the battles documented in the History started – the first, the
battle of Prebat, being dated 22<sup>nd</sup> February 1873. Though it is not
clearly stated this helps suggest the dates given in the History are the actual
dates of the games when the battles were fought.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The History dates the army back to around 1860 and suggests
it was first acquired for George’s older brothers Arthur and Herbert, who
together with their friend J Arrowsmith initially used them to recreate historical
battles from the Napoleonic and Crimean Wars. It looks as though George was
behind the development of the make believe world of Georland to provide a
setting for much increased wargaming activity, boosted no doubt by the reinforcements
coming from the Franco Prussian troops.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://georland.blogspot.co.uk/search/label/II%20Epoch">The History (Second Epoch)</a> refers to the army occupying a little more attention from November 1872 due to numerous desertions, mainly to the colours of G Collard (presumably another friend, along with Jack Arrowsmith). The Journal then mentions the raising of 4 Prussian infantry regiments in November, 4 more infantry regiments in December, 8th February the 9th Cuirassiers, and on 22nd February a newly raised Cavalry regiment, the 3rd Dragoons, was present. This seems likely to be the point at which the Franco Prussian War figures joined the army - clearly the original figures on its formation in the early 1860s must have been of different subjects.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The Franco Prussian War being so recent also provided some
background to Georland and the History, including the enemy’s alliance with Prussia
and the arrival of their expeditionary force in November 1873. The Prussian generals
are not mainly fictional characters but bases on actual Prussian generals from
the Franco Prussian and in some cases Napoleonic Wars.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
There is a slight mystery over the sepia photograph of the
army on the parade, used to illustrate this blog. There is a reference to a
full parade of the army being held in 1940 by Patrick Keef, and it could be that
this photograph records this occasion, though conceivably it could have been
earlier. It is accompanied by two diagrams, indicating the unit names for all
these figures and the organisation of the army. This shows the 1<sup>st</sup>
and 2<sup>nd</sup> Army Corps and a Guards Division, totalling 45,000 men.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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In February 1874 the History refers to a change in recording
numbers in the narrative, previously given in hundreds, to actual numbers (i.e.
a number of troops originally given as 10 would now be shown as 1,000). This
suggests to me that a scale of 1:100 was being used, and without trying to
count all the figures in the photograph it seems reasonable that there may be
450 figures shown as they represent the 45,000 figure given in the army organisation
chart.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The final page of the History provides a chronology of all
the battles and a list of all the Georland units present at each one. Together
with the photograph, drawing and chart, this may provide the basis for further
investigation of the structure of the army. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
George Keef took the greater part of his army with him on
his postings to Burma and the North West Frontier and his letters contain
further information, including instructions to his brothers on the movement of
units and for example ordering the firing of a 21 gun salute on the occasion of
his mother’s birthday. In Rangoon George Keef shared a bungalow with the
Regimental Surgeon and they kept the army set up on the floor on a large canvas
map. In India the army was kept on shelves in a series of tins on a chalked map
of India.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
There is a list dated 1<sup>st</sup> March 1878 showing the
station of the various units of the Georland Army, in locations including
India, Chatham, Liverpool and Edgehill. The letters also tell us that in
January 1878 George bought a Kriegspiel set, minus rules, from a Colonel
returning to England, and asked a copy of Baring’s English translation of the
rules to be ordered and sent out to him.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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The History is silent on the rules used for the games with
figures, although as stated above we do know of the use of gunpowder firing
cannon.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
Further research into the George Keef letters may provide
more insights and information in due course.<o:p></o:p></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-62150105479461623312013-11-23T03:01:00.001-08:002014-02-15T15:48:05.743-08:00Antiques Roadshow 8th September 2013<iframe frameborder="0" height="500" src="http://www.bbc.co.uk/emp/embed/smpEmbed.html?playlist=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fiplayer%2Fplaylist%2Fp01g3y68&title=Antiques%20Roadshow%3A%20Series%2036%3A%20Eastbourne%20Bandstand%202%3A%20Lead%20soldiers%20collection&product=iplayer" width="400"></iframe>
<br />
The Keef Family collection made its first public appearance on the Antiques Roadshow from Eastbourne Bandstand: 2 when Oliver Keef discussed it and his grandfather George Keef with Roadshow expert Graham Lay.<br />
<br />
The Antiques Roadshow page on this blog (on the menu under the main heading of the blog) also contains the Antiques Roadshow segment (also shown below) together with notes of what was said.<br />
<br />
This blog mainly focuses on the contents of The History of The Army of George 1, the Journal recounting the campaigns fought by George Keef, his brothers Arthur and Hubert, and their friends in the 1870s and 1880s.<br />
<br />
All orginal material on this site is copyright the Keef Family and may not be reproduced in any form without prior written permission. This can be requested by submitting a comment on this post enclosing an email address. This comment will not be published but you will then be contacted by email.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-52932479497966808502013-11-21T13:34:00.002-08:002013-11-21T13:35:46.880-08:00History of the Army of George IThe following posts contain the contents of the History of the Army of George 1.<br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh982Kmi3Ga9XUSqViOGBGOh-IomABUePuI7WSk8riYUaw1v_60RQamQqO2v7nPL28OgBSAaGejI5D_dY0DsnoQY3YPP6xCLdTLqFhD5cyO9-FEV8tTXI4Zl3nC0mk7cOiSrC49Cvs5OtUA/s1600/Front+Cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh982Kmi3Ga9XUSqViOGBGOh-IomABUePuI7WSk8riYUaw1v_60RQamQqO2v7nPL28OgBSAaGejI5D_dY0DsnoQY3YPP6xCLdTLqFhD5cyO9-FEV8tTXI4Zl3nC0mk7cOiSrC49Cvs5OtUA/s400/Front+Cover.jpg" width="275" /></a></div>
<br />
George was George Alfred Keef, the founder of the army. The notes he kept were later bound together by his grandson Oliver Keef. George appears in the pages as King George himself, usually referred to as H.I.M. (His Imperial Majesty) or Imperator. He seems to have been invincible in the field through the many campaigns recorded<br />
<br />
After the Epoch XI B, the Journal is written in a different hand and style. If we assume the dates attributed to actions in the Journal are the same as in real time then this change would take place in 1875. It is possible that this second hand is that of one of his brothers, Herbert Keef or Arthur Keef.<br />
<br />
This transcript has been produced from photographs of the pages of the original Journal. As they are foolscap in size they could not easily be scanned. The maps illustrating the posts are from the same source so are not of a high definition - it may be possible to replace these with clearer images at a later date.<br />
<br />
The transcript seeks to reproduce faithfully the spellings, abbreviations and punctuations of the original. In a very few cases it has been impossible to identify particular words. Often these are names, either of places or characters, which are fictional. In these cases the most likely spelling is given and we have tried to make this consistent throughout the whole History.<br />
<br />
Where there is an editorial note to help clarity it is given in [s<i>quare brackets and italics</i>]. Other brackets have been taken from the text.<br />
<br />
Some words are spelt in more than one way in the text and this has been repeated here. Words such as honour and vigour are spelt -or in the manuscript and this spelling is repeated here. Capitalisation is slightly erratic in the manuscript. Where necessary extra paragraph breaks have been introduced into posts to make them easier to read on screen. In a very few cases punctuation has been altered the better to convey the author's intentions.<br />
<br />
I would like to thank the Keef family for making the manuscript available and helping to decipher it where this has been difficult.<br />
<br />
It is intended to add further historical notes and illustrations, along with a gazetteer of place names, a list of characters, and other appendices, at a later date.<br />
<br />
The family are also considering whether to make the full transcript available in Kindle or other format.<br />
<br />
The wargaming activity of George Alfred Keef and Herbert Keef is remarkable in two ways:<br />
<br />
the completeness with which it has been documented and how this information has survived;<br />
<br />
the early date (first use 1860, the Journal's campaigns starting in 1872) which is substantially earlier than the 1898 publication date of Lloyd Osbourne's article in Scribners Magazine on Robert Louis Stevenson's wargames, which has traditionally been held to be the first published account of gaming with miniature figures, the publication in 1913 by H.G. Wells of Little Wars, or the early wargames of the Trevelyan brothers.<br />
<br />
We hope that you will find it not only historically significant but interesting and entertaining.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-78651726542130807552013-11-21T12:59:00.001-08:002013-11-21T12:59:25.635-08:00First Epoch<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">The
army first originated in the year about AD 1860 all engagements within this
period being co-jointly with troops; or army or armies (being allies or enemies
as the case may have been) serving under H[<i>erbert</i>]<i> </i>Keef[<i>brother</i>], A[<i>lice</i>] Keef [<i>mother</i>], and J Arrowsmith; no conflicts
at this period have been chronicled and as 500 men was the maximum ever obtained
by the 3 armies united they were them, not of such a class to cope with those forces<span style="color: red;"> </span>of more destructive warfare of the later day Army; no
ammunition, and being used they were then neither so grand or so bloody.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">Representations
of battles gone by as Waterloo + Sevastopol were most frequently practised.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">In
September 1878 the remaining portion of the original army of Keef stood as
follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">Infantry<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">20<sup>th</sup>
Foot, 21<sup>st</sup> Foot, 22<sup>nd</sup> Foot, 24<sup>th</sup> Foot, 25<sup>th</sup>
Foot, 26<sup>th</sup> Foot. Also the ensigns of the 42<sup>nd</sup> and 93<sup>rd</sup>
Foot<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">The 11<sup>th</sup>
Hussars is all that remains of the army of H Keef.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">The 8</span><sup style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">th</sup><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">,
9</span><sup style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">th</sup><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;"> and 33</span><sup style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">rd</sup><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;"> Regiments of Foot, a captain in the Horse
Artillery Battery A, Troop 1, are veterans from J Arrowsmith’s army, enrolled
about 1869.</span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7151612159692286565.post-39658684870683758202013-11-21T12:57:00.003-08:002013-12-03T07:37:22.068-08:00Second Epoch<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Prebat - Smatsche - Recknot - Huzmers</b></div>
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtgCF2TIpvvThe0ytI_gwnjVsUWzK6HbMJ1ljEVTgnT24hk91Wgfzt1x9D2z5bmpbIdJ9CleXNpqKbUQeSjlTzpMsO75kbp9ej4hmAEa8BBZb-s67HoD73GhNrTG8mb_mgnXI-XhjNMvqW/s1600/artillery.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="185" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtgCF2TIpvvThe0ytI_gwnjVsUWzK6HbMJ1ljEVTgnT24hk91Wgfzt1x9D2z5bmpbIdJ9CleXNpqKbUQeSjlTzpMsO75kbp9ej4hmAEa8BBZb-s67HoD73GhNrTG8mb_mgnXI-XhjNMvqW/s400/artillery.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">Towards
the latter end of the year 1872 the Army began to occupy a little more attention
as by numerous desertions (mostly to the colours of G Collard the army started
to show so marked a deficiency in numbers, material so that it was plain to
their General that the time was at hand when either the army should be
reorganised throughout, the force increased, the officers augmenting & the
staff revising, as the only alternative, that of immediately disbanding the
troops under arms to prevent a further expenditure and decay.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">The
former alternative was chosen and in November 1872, 4 Prussian infantry
regiments* (now the 10<sup>th</sup>, 11<sup>th</sup>, 12<sup>th</sup> and 40<sup>th</sup>
Foot) were raised. The following month 4 infantry Regiments*(now the 27<sup>th</sup>
87<sup>th</sup> + 88<sup>th</sup> Foot and 1<sup>st</sup> Batt<sup>n</sup>
Coldstream Guards) were added to the army. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">Feb 5<sup>th</sup>
1873 ushered into the camp the 9<sup>th</sup> Cuirassiers. The troops were
first exposed to artillery fire on the 22<sup>nd</sup> Feb at which a newly
raised Cavalry Regiment (3<sup>rd</sup> Dragoons) was present. The CG [<i>Coldstream Guards</i>], 27<sup>th</sup>, 87<sup>th</sup>,
88<sup>th</sup> Foot with the 9<sup>th</sup> C[<i>uirassiers</i>] stormed and took the defiles and fort of “Prebat” from
the Prussian Infantry and the 3<sup>rd</sup> Dragoons.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY2WdQD6Ilemmg_IWXv33GNZJm-XUcFSyZucf-7O1ToUAybsZxA788MGdcAOqQ5MzbnUtgPi_z5qVilBWubqXd_4wnK67EnH_-giUJ9tPgd9AuP6E3m52YgRuYKcWwMNpzXGE-5HJgegPQ/s1600/Picture+p3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="165" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY2WdQD6Ilemmg_IWXv33GNZJm-XUcFSyZucf-7O1ToUAybsZxA788MGdcAOqQ5MzbnUtgPi_z5qVilBWubqXd_4wnK67EnH_-giUJ9tPgd9AuP6E3m52YgRuYKcWwMNpzXGE-5HJgegPQ/s400/Picture+p3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">March
1</span><sup style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">st</sup><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;"> The enemy having gathered the remains of the garrison form the
battle of “Prebat” took post behind the hill of “Smatcshe”). The pursuing force
arrived on the crest of the hill before the fleeing army was discovered.
Preparations were at once made for the attack. Both armies had secured
reinforcements. The 11</span><sup style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">th</sup><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;"> Hussars were added to H Keef’s Army and the
7</span><sup style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">th</sup><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;"> Dragoons to that of the enemy (*the 27</span><sup style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">th</sup><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">, 87</span><sup style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">th</sup><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">
and 88</span><sup style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">th</sup><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;"> Regiments who had behaved so well at Prebat had gone over
to the enemy). The advance to the right of the enemy’s line having extended too
far, and considerably reduced the centre for the purpose of turning H.I.M.’s [</span><i style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">His Imperial Majesty’s</i><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">] Left. H.I.M. rode
to the front and led on Drouot’s</span><span style="color: red; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">Artillery, a
new and splendid corps.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">They
moved forward steadfastly with their fine Commander at their head. The Emperor
followed with the Old French and Grenadier Guards, new Regiment also the 9<sup>th</sup>
Cuirassiers. Against the weakened centre the steady masses under Drouot’s
command threw their all powerful strength. The shock was terrific. Pressed
forward by the corps behind (Coldstream Guards), the troops went forward in
fine style, the centre was completely crushed. In vain the 4<sup>th</sup> &
3<sup>rd</sup> Dragoons endeavoured to retrieve the lost ground, the former
were charged and broken by the 8<sup>th</sup> Hussars, the latter were driven
off by the superior Cuirassiers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">H.I.M.
having reformed his broken column led on to the attack of the left wing. Mercury
so justly renowned here for a time kept his ground but the whole of the force
being overwhelmed he took to flight. After this no resistance was offered and 4
guns & 18 prisoners and the greater part of the material of his army was
taken. His loss was immense while we had comparatively suffered little. One
Regiment (the Grenadier Guard) which took the rear and protected the attacking
column was all most [<i>sic</i>] annihilated
by the fire of an Armstrong Battery from the enemy’s right. This was the only
considerable loss. During the night the Right [<i>were</i>] unable to maintain their position through the defeat of the
Left and centre and the loss + want of artillery and ammunition and retired by
the road to Huzmers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">H.I.M.’s
army came up with the enemy at Recknot where having received a powerful
contingent they determined to make a stand. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">The
Emperor detaching 2 troops of Drouot’s Artillery to open fire on the extreme
left of his position. This battery was furiously charged by the 3<sup>rd</sup>
Dragoons and the 9<sup>th</sup> Cuirassiers. The defection of the latter corps
was most unwarranted, as H.I.M. had attached this fine Regiment about his
person and loaded them with gifts and honours. (The defection of the 9<sup>th</sup>
C[<i>uirassier</i>]s caused the want of
cavalry, especially in the present + severe deplete and such was the urgency of
the time that 5 new Cavalry Regt<sup>s</sup> were immediately levied (1.2.5.6
+12<sup>th</sup>)). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">The
12<sup>th</sup> Lancers attempting to support Drouot’s Artillery were
hopelessly smashed by the many squadrons of the enemy’s horse. On this H.I.M.
ordered the 1<sup>st</sup> Brigade of Heavy Cavalry of the Guard (1<sup>st</sup>
Life Guards & 6<sup>th</sup> Dragoon Guards) to charge, with a cheer the
men dashed into the thickest of the fray. Cuirassiers, Hussars & Dragoons
fled headlong before this splendid force, throwing the infantry of the left
into disorder in their hurry to escape the swords of their destroyers.
Pell-mell into the disordered ranks the affrighted Cavalry rushed. The
opportunity was seized in a moment by H.I.M. to fill up the gap in the broken
line. Accordingly, into the midst of the confusion dashed the Heavy brigade
followed by the Grenadier Guards and Drouot’s Artillery. At this time the Right
wing of the enemy was attacked and driven back by H.I.M.’s Left and finally
broken and thrown into disorder by a furious charge of the 6<sup>th</sup> Eniskillen
Dragoons & 2<sup>nd</sup> Scots Greys. The two wings were now in direful
condition and in full retreat. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">The
Centre then made a rigorous stand but the powerful artillery fire to which they
were exposed being too destructive to maintain the position about 5 pm they
retreated. The 87<sup>th</sup> and 88<sup>th</sup> Regiments, under Mercury,
now Major, kept the ground for some time, but H.I.M. advanced that fine
regiment the Coldstream Guards, who quickly dispersed the. The 87<sup>th</sup>
and 88<sup>th</sup> were then the Napoleon + Mercurian Guard.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">A
large number of fugitives fled along the road to Huzmers but many were cut down
by the pursuing Cavalry. But the horses were so exhausted that the pursuit
could not be extended over a space of 3 miles, the men having been in the
saddle 10 hours. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">Owing
to this the main body were collated + reformed + the following day fell back.
H.I.M. having determined to rest his army bivouacked on the field of battle. A
strong rearguard being attached and repulsed by the enemy on the 15<sup>th</sup>.
H.I.M. hurried to the front but the enemy had gone. On reconnoitring it was
found that they were determined to make a final stand at the head of the pass
of Huzmers a strong + numerous force
being there assembled. H.I.M. at once issued orders + the dawn of the 15<sup>th</sup>
found his division in front of the enemy. A splendid attack of 2 troops of DA [<i>Drouot’s Artillery</i>] + 3<sup>rd</sup> B<sup>n</sup>
GG [<i>3<sup>rd</sup> Battalion Grenadier
Guards</i>] in spite of a charge of the 3<sup>rd</sup> Dragoons and a vigorous
resistance from the 11<sup>th</sup> regiment turned the left wing. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">The
overthrow of his Heavy Cavalry in the Centre by the Life + Dragoon Guards and
on his extreme Right the Light Cavalry by the 12<sup>th</sup> Lancers + 9<sup>th</sup>
Dragoons annihilated the mounted arm of his force, all this attended with great
loss. By 3.30 pm his Centre had begun to give way before the ceaseless +
destructive fire of the 3<sup>rd</sup> + 4<sup>th</sup> troops DA [<i>Drouot’s Artillery</i>] and the spirited
charges made by the Foot Guards. The Left however stood firm. Although opposed
to the cannonade of DA the Centre now being supported by the reserves began to
retrieve the lost ground. This was the decisive moment. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype","serif";">H.I.M.
ordered the Coldstream Guards (who had been in the rear + had not been engaged)
to advance and break the opposing lines. With a mighty “Vive l’Empereur” they
passed onto the front. What emotions filled each breast as that thrilling shout
arose! What emotions filled the Emperor’s mind as the bearskinned warriors went
on. On this depended his Rule, his Fortune + Fate. Oh! What a mighty state
depending on these veteran troops. They knew the task entrusted to them. And as
the cannons mowed them down, as deploying into line they pushed upon the foe,
as wounded, dying, bleeding on the ground, as driving on before the defeated
enemy, as joining in the universal cry of victory each thought of their General
+ Emperor alone.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype', serif;">All
was now confusion + dismay. All was forgotten in their hasty flight. The
splendid charge of the Coldstreams had disheartened each one, fear possessed
the routed + overthrown enemy. The whole surrendered including the general.
Many who had resolutely fought on and been wounded were taken prisoner. The
victory was complete. H.I.M. returned back laden with trophies and spoil from
the field. 7 guns + all the material of the enemy was taken and the spirit of mutiny
(for a time) broken.</span></div>
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